JSS System Takes Shape Amid Opportunities and Challenges

By Jemimah Wasike

The implementation of the Junior Secondary School (JSS) system under the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) continues to reshape Kenya’s education sector, marking a major transition from the former 8-4-4 system.

JSS, which covers Grades 7 to 9, is designed to bridge the gap between primary and senior secondary education while equipping learners with practical skills, values, and competencies needed in the modern world. Under this system, students are introduced to a wider range of subjects, including pre-technical studies, visual and performing arts, and life skills education.

According to the Ministry of Education, the JSS curriculum aims to nurture learners’ talents and interests early, preparing them for informed career pathways at the senior secondary level. Education stakeholders have praised the system for focusing on skills development rather than rote memorization.

However, the rollout of JSS has not been without challenges. Many public primary schools hosting JSS classes are grappling with inadequate infrastructure, including shortages of classrooms, laboratories, and learning materials. In some regions, teachers trained specifically for JSS are still insufficient, raising concerns about effective curriculum delivery.

Parents have also expressed mixed reactions, with some applauding the practical approach of CBC, while others worry about increased costs related to learning materials and school requirements.

Despite these concerns, education experts believe that with proper funding, teacher training, and stakeholder cooperation, the JSS system has the potential to transform education in Kenya. The government has assured the public of continued investment in infrastructure and teacher recruitment to ensure the success of the program.

As Kenya moves forward with the CBC journey, the effectiveness of the JSS system will largely depend on sustained support, monitoring, and collaboration among schools, parents, and policymakers.